(1) The entity concept requires that a business is treated as being separate from its owners. (2) The use of historical cost accounting tends to understate assets and profit when prices are rising. (3) The prudence concept means that the lowest possible values should be applied to income and assets and the highest possible values to expenses and liabilities. (4) The money measurement concept means that only assets capable of being reliably measured in monetary terms can be included in the balance sheet of a business.
The substance is that there is no ‘free’ finance; its cost, as such, is built into the selling price.
Which of the following statements about the IAS 2 requirements in this area are correct? 1 Finished goods inventories may be valued on the basis of labour and materials cost only, without including overheads. 2 Carriage inwards, but not carriage outwards, should be included in overheads when valuing inventories of finished goods. 3 Factory management costs should be included in fixed overheads allocated to inventories of finished goods.