【名词&注释】
保守主义(conservatism)、社会主义革命(socialist revolution)、乙状结肠(sigmoid)、反帝反封建、资产阶级革命(bourgeois revolution)、右倾机会主义(right opportunism)、中共二大(second national congress of the party)、民主革命纲领、大革命失败后、同盟罢工(joint strike)
[单选题]一旦放宽劳动市场上市场出清的假设条件，当以下情况出现时会发生失业（ ）
A. 由于工资太低，人们决定不工作。
B. 工资水平不能因需求或供给的变动而及时调整。
C. C 工资水平不足以使工人维持一个相当的生活水平。
D. D 每个愿意在现有工资水平下工作的工人都能找到一份工作。
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[单选题]Text 3The full influence of mechanization began shortly after 1850, when a variety of machines came rapidly into use. The introduction of these machines frequently created rebellions by workers who were fearful that the machines would rob them of their work. Patrick Bell, in Scotland, and Cyrus McCormick, in United States, produced threshing machines. Improve- meats were made in plows to compensate for different soil types. Stream power came into use in 1860s on large farms. Hay rakes, hay-loaders, and various special harvesting machines were produced, Milking machines appeared. The internal-combustion engine run by gasoline became the chief power source for the farm.
A. In time, the number of certain farm machines that came into use skyrocketed and changed the nature of fanning. Be-tween 1940 and 1960, for example, 12 million horses and mules gave way to 5 million tractors. Tractors offer many. features that are attractive to farmers. There are, for example, numerous attachments: cultivators that can penetrate the s0il to varying depths, rotary hoes that chop weeds; spray devices that can spray pesticides in bands 100 feet across, and many others.
B. A piece of equipment has now been invented or adapted for virtually every laborious hand or animal operation On the farm. lathe United States, for example, cotton, tobacco, hay, and grain are planted, treated for pests and diseases, fertilized, cultivated and harvested by machine. Large devices shake fruit and nut from trees, gain and blend feed, and dry gain and hay. Equipment is now available to put just the right amount of fertilizer in just the right place, to spray an exact row width, and to count out, Space, and plant just the right number of seeds for a row.
C. Mechanization is not used in agriculture in many parts of Latin America, Africa, Agriculture innovation is accepted fastest where agriculture is already profitable and progressive. Some mechanization has reached the level of plantation agriculture in parts of the tropics, but even today much of that land is laboriously worked by people leading draft animals pal- ling primitive plows.
D. The problems of mechanization in some areas are not 0nly cultural in nature. For examples, tropical soils and crops differ markedly from those in temperate areas that the machines are designed for, so adaptations have to be made. But the greatest obstacle to mechanization is the fear in underdeveloped countries that the workers who are displaced by machines would not find work elsewhere, Introducing mechanization into such areas requires careful planning.
E. 31. The first paragraph uses several examples to convey the ideas that______.
F. the introduction of machines into agricultural work created rebellions on the part of the farmers
G. the use of internal combustion engine as a chief power source for the farm produced great influence
H. the mechanization of agricultural work after 1850 gradually robbed many farmers of their work
I. ingenious improvements were made in fanning machines in the 1860s to yield production
[多选题]近代唯物主义的历史进步作用是
A. 反对和批判了唯心主义哲学
B. 反对和批判了宗教神学
C. 对资产阶级革命起了先导的作用
D. 促进了自然科学的发展和社会的进步
[单选题]不符合大肠癌的描述是
A. 多见于直肠、乙状结肠
B. 多由腺瘤恶变而来
C. 多为低分化腺癌
D. 多分泌癌胚抗原(CEA．
E. 多经淋巴道转移
[单选题]关于麻醉前胃肠道准备的描述中，正确的是
A. 成人择期手术前，应禁食6小时
B. 成人择期手术前，应禁饮12小时
C. 小儿择期手术前，应禁食(奶)4～8小时
D. 小儿择期手术，术前应禁水4～8小时
E. 饱胃又需立即手术者，选用全麻时，不能行清醒气管内插管
[多选题]中共二大(second national congress of the party)主要的历史功绩是制定了彻底的反帝反封建的民主革命纲领，其内容包括
A. 实现社会主义、共产主义 B．打倒军阀
B. 推翻国际帝国主义的压迫 D．统一中国为真正民主共和国
[多选题]大革命失败后，在纠正陈独秀右倾机会主义错误的同时，党内开始出现左倾错误，其主要表现是
A. 混淆民主革命与社会主义革命的界限，将反帝反封建与反资产阶级并列，将民族资产阶级视为中国革命最危险的敌人
B. 继续坚持以城市为中心，将准备城市工人的总同盟罢工(joint strike)和武装起义作为共**最主要的任务
C. 提出坚决打击富农和“地主不分田，富农分坏田”的主张
D. 实行进攻中的冒险主义、防御中的保守主义、退却中的逃跑主义
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