【名词&注释】
改革开放(reform and opening)、经济建设(economic construction)、形而上学(metaphysics)、物质基础(material base)、超额剩余价值(excess surplus value)、相对剩余价值(relative surplus value)、两个基本点”、劳动时间(labor time)、辩证统一关系(dialectical unification relations)、“一个中心
[单选题]超额剩余价值是变相的相对剩余价值，这是因为它们
A. 都绝对延长了剩余劳动时间(labor time)
B. 都延长了必要劳动时间(labor time)
C. 都缩短了必要劳动时间(labor time)，而相对延长了剩余劳动时间(labor time)
D. 都延长了工作日长度
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举一反三：
[单选题]Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET I. (40 points)
A. Text 1
B. We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? .... When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?" "And Paul—why didn't pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it' s too late.
C. Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don' t really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You' re a lucky dog." That' s being friendly. But "lucky dog?" There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that the doesn't think you deserve your luck.
D. "Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for," is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn’t important. It' s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven' t got a date for Saturday night.
E. How can you tell the real meaning behind someone' s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice?
F. His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people to you may save another mistake.
G. 21. This passage is mainly about______.
H. how to interpret what people say
I. what to do when you listen to others talking
J. how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people
K. why we go wrong with people sometimes
[多选题]“一个中心，两个基本点”的辩证统一关系(dialectical unification relations)是
A. 离开四项基本原则和改革开放，社会主义社会的一切发展和进步就会失去物质基础
B. 离开经济建设这个中心，社会主义社会的一切发展和进步就会失去物质基础
C. 离开四项基本原则和改革开放，经济建设就会迷失方向和丧失动力
D. 离开经济建设这个中心，四项基本原则就会失去发展动力
[单选题]辩证法与形而上学根本对立的焦点是
A. 联系观点与孤立观点的对立
B. 全面观点与片面观点的对立
C. 发展观点与静止观点的对立
D. 承认矛盾观点与否认矛盾观点的对立
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