【名词&注释】
肝硬化(liver cirrhosis)、表面张力(surface tension)、麻疹病毒(measles virus)、病理变化(pathological changes)、化脓性(suppurative)、肺顺应性(lung compliance)、都督府、凝血因子Ⅲ、巨细胞病毒性肺炎(cytomegalovirus pneumonia)、主观见之于客观
[单选题]病毒性肺炎的特征性病理变化是
A. 肺内增生细胞内病毒包涵体
B. 肺间质炎症
C. 肺泡性炎
D. 化脓性细支气管炎
E. 小叶性肺炎
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举一反三：
[多选题]下列关于"十剂"内容的叙述,错误的有
A. 通可去闭
B. 宣可解表
C. 泄可去实
D. 涩可固脱
[单选题]清末设立的以“指陈通省利病，筹计地方治安”为宗旨的地方机构是
A. 资政院
B. 谘议局
C. 都督府
[单选题]肝硬化病人容易发生血液凝固障碍，主要是由于
A. 某些凝血因子合成减少
B. 血小板减少
C. 血中抗凝物质增加
D. 凝血因子Ⅲ不足
E. 维生素K减少
[多选题]实践之所以是检验真理的标准，是因为实践
A. 具有直接现实性
B. 是主观见之于客观的东西
C. 具有普遍性的特点
D. 是联系主观和客观的桥梁
[单选题]肺表面活性物质减少时可导致A肺弹性阻力减小 B．肺顺应性增大
A. 肺泡表面张力降低 D．小肺泡内压小于大肺泡内压
B. 肺不易扩张
[单选题]复合溃疡是指同时有
A. 胃大、小弯溃疡
B. 胃与十二指肠溃疡
C. 胃体、胃窦溃疡
D. 胃底与胃小弯溃疡
E. 胃小弯与幽门管溃疡
[单选题]根据下列文章，回答41～45题。Directions:
A. In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions (41～45), choose the most suitable one from the list AG to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
B. Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the 1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution. Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection. ______（41）______ .
C. American social scientist Lewis Henry Morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late 1800s. Morgan, along with Tylor, was one of the founders of modern anthropology. In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies.______（42）______ .
D. In the early 1900s in North America, Germanborn American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism. Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology._____（43）______.
E. Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture. ______（44）______.
F. Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. But a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism. Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures.______（45）______.
G. Also in the early 1900s, French sociologist Emile Durkheim developed a theory of culture that would greatly influence anthropology. Durkheim proposed that religious beliefs functioned to reinforce social solidarity. An interest in the relationship between the function of society and culture—known as functionalism—became a major theme in European, and especially British, anthropology.
H. Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society. This theory was known as diffusionism.
I. In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, Boas became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy.
J. He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the “survival of the fittest,” in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies.
K. They also focused on important rituals that appeared to preserve a people’s social structure, such as initiation ceremonies that formally signify children’s entrance into adulthood.
L. Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.
M. Supporters of the theory viewed as a collection of integrated parts that work together to keep a society functioning.
N. For example, British anthropologists Grafton Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry incorrectly suggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world. In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred se
O. 请选择(41)处最佳答案（ ）。{Page}
[单选题]It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new educational system
A. challenges economists and politicians.
B. takes efforts of generations.
C. demands priority from the government.
D. requires sufficient labor force.
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