世界是处在不断的历史发展中的物质，这是

【名词&注释】

资本积累(capital accumulation)、资本有机构成(organic composition of capital)、社会主义制度(socialist system)、国家机关、自由竞争(free competition)、集中力量办大事、美好未来(bright future)、“三权分立”制度、不断提高(constant improvement)、付诸行动

[单选题]世界是处在不断的历史发展中的物质，这是

A. 唯物主义观点
B. 形而上学观点
C. 唯物辩证法观点
D. 一切辩证法观点

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举一反三：

[多选题]邓小平说：“美好的前景如果没有切实的措施和工作去实现它，就有成为空话的危险。”这说明( )

A. 社会实践是科学知道产生的源泉
B. 社会实践是联系理想和现实的桥梁
C. 有了理想并不意味着成功，更不意味着已经成功
D. 把理想转变为现实要付出辛勤的劳动，要靠实实在在的实践
E. 只要付诸行动，人们对于美好未来^{(bright future)}的向往和追求都能成为现实

[多选题]人民代表大会制度和西方的“三权分立”制度相比，其显著的特点和重要优势是

A. 人民代表大会制度有利于保证国家机关协调高效运转
B. 人民代表大会制度有利于集中全国人民的意志，集中力量办大事
C. 人民代表大会制度有利于我国社会主义制度的巩固
D. 人民代表大会制度有利于我们国家的团结

[单选题]根据下列文章回答，21～25题。Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on autopilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the everchanging 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative implication.

A. So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.
B. Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try—the more we step outside our comfort zone—the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives.
C. But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.
D. “The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind . “But we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider.’ ” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”
E. All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
F. The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system—that anyone can do anything,” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year I Will... and Ms. Markova’s business partner. “That’s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.” This is where developing new habits comes in.
G. 第 21 题 In Wordsworth’s view，“habits” is characterized by being
H. casual.
I. familiar.
J. mechanical.
K. changeable.

[单选题]自由竞争资本主义必然向垄断资本主义过渡，这种必然性根源于（ ）

A. 资本有机构成不断提高^{(constant improvement)}
B. 资本主义的基本矛盾
C. 资本积累的一般规律
D. 资本对外扩张的结果

[多选题]属于拔罐法中的火吸法有

A. 闪罐法
B. 闪火法
C. 贴棉法
D. 滴酒法

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