【名词&注释】
硬膜外麻醉(epidural anesthesia)、继发性(secondary)、客观存在(objective existence)、自然语言(natural language)、自然界(nature)、厌氧菌感染(anaerobic infection)、物质条件(material conditions)、肠蠕动恢复(recovery of intestinal peristalsis)、变形杆菌感染(proteus infection)、化脓性腹膜炎(purulent peritonitis)
[多选题]意识对物质的依赖性和能动性的表现有
A. 意识是自然界长期发展的产物．又是社会的产物
B. 在劳动实践的基础上产生自然语言、人工语言，语言是意识的物质外壳
C. 意识是人脑的机能和属性，客观存在的主观映象
D. 意识借助一定的物质条件(material conditions)，通过实践能动地反作用于物质
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举一反三：
[单选题]Ericsson and his colleagues believe that
A. talent is a dominating factor for professional success.
B. biographical data provide the key to excellent performance.
C. the role of talent tends to be overlooked.
D. high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture.
[单选题]请选择(14)处最佳答案（ ）。
A. by chance
B. in contrast
C. as usual
D. for instance
[单选题]It is suggested in Paragraph 2 that New Englanders
A. experienced a comparatively peaceful early history.
B. brought with them the culture of the Old World.
C. paid little attention to southern intellectual life.
D. were obsessed with religious innovations.
[单选题]继发性化脓性腹膜炎(purulent peritonitis)病情重的主要原因是
A. 大肠杆菌感染 B．厌氧菌感染
B. 链球菌感染 D．变形杆菌感染(proteus infection)
C. 混合性感染
[单选题]请选择(6)处最佳答案（ ）。
A. Presumably
B. Incidentally
C. Obviously
D. Generally
[单选题]下列关于术后患者的饮食处理，错误的是
A. 非腹部局麻下的手术，术后即可进食
B. 非腹部腰麻或硬膜外麻醉下的手术，—般术后2～3天即可进食
C. 非腹部全麻下的手术，患者清醒，无呕吐时可进食
D. 择期胃肠道手术，肠蠕动恢复(recovery of intestinal peristalsis)后，可开始饮水，进少量流食
E. 腹部手术需禁食时间较长者，应给予胃肠外营养
[单选题]最初的最基本的辩证思维方法是
A. 归纳与演绎
B. 分析与综合
C. 抽象与具体
D. 矛盾分析方法
[单选题]Text 3When the first white men arrived in Samoa, they found blind men, who could see well enough to describe things in detail just by holding their hands over objects. In France, Jules Roman tested hundreds of blind people and found a few who could tell the difference between light and dark. He narrowed their photosensitivity(感光灵敏度) down to areas on the nose or in the finger tips. In 1960 a medical board examined a girl in Virginia and found that, even with thick bandages over her eyes, she was able to distinguish different colours and read short sections of large print.
A. Rosa Kuleshova, a young woman in the Urals, can see with her fingers. She is not blind, but because she grew up in a family of blind people, she learned to read Braille to help them and then went on to teach herself to do other things with her hands. She was examined by the Soviet Academy of Science, and proved to be genuine, Shaefer made an intensive study with her and found that, securely blindfolded with only her arms stuck through a screen, she could tell the difference between three primary colours. To test the possibility that the cards reflected heat differently, he heated some and cooled others without affecting her response to them. He also found that she could read newsprint under glass, so texture was giving her no clues. She was able to identify the colour and shape of patches of light projected on to her palm or on to a screen. In rigidly controlled tests, with a blindfold and a screen and a piece of card around her neck so wide that she could not see round it, Rosa read the small print in a newspaper with her elbow. And, in the most convincing demonstration of all, she repeated these things with someone standing behind her pressing hard on her eyeballs. Nobody can cheat under this pressure.
B. 31. The first white men to visit Samoa found people who ______.
C. were not entirely blind
D. described things by touching them
E. could see with their hands
F. could see when they hold out their hands
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