【名词&注释】
创造性(creative)、生产资料(means of production)、本质属性(essential attribute)、生产劳动(productive labor)、经济关系(economic relations)、经济实体(economic entity)、资产阶级革命(bourgeois revolution)、血浆晶体渗透压(crystalloid osmotic pressure)、经济形式(economic form)、物质生产部门(material productive department)
[单选题]下列风湿性疾病中抗dsDNA抗体阳性率最高的是
A. 类风湿性关节炎
B. 硬皮病
C. 骨关节炎
D. 系统性红斑狼疮
E. 皮肌炎
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[单选题]Text 4Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw it as a factor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw that the more we are together—the more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.
A. Whenever any new invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health: they would produce colds, catarrhs(黏膜炎) and consumptions. The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In those with high blood pressure, the movement of the train might produce apoplexy. The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tannel, and the equally sudden rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to eyesight. But the pro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famous medical men to say just the opposite. They said that the speed and swing of the train would equalize the circulation, promote digestion, tranquilize the nerves, and ensure good sleep.
B. The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable. If it was a test of endurance to sit for four hours outside a coach in rain, or inside in dirty air, the railway offered little more in the way of comfort. Certainly the first-class carriages had cushioned seats; but the second - class had only narrow bare boards, while the third - class had nothing at all; no seats and no roof; they were just open trucks. So that third - class passengers gained nothing from the few mode except speed. In the matter of comfort, indeed they lost; they did, on the coaches, have a seat, but now they had to stand all the way, which gave opportunities to the comic press. This kind of thing: "A man was seen yesterday buying a third - class ticket for the new London and Birmingham Railway. The state of his mind is being enquired into".
C. A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of both second - and third - class carriages. He made the suggestion that the directors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find the hardest possible wood. Of the open third -class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came. He described them as horizontal shower - baths, from whose searching power there was no escape.
D. 36. All boys and girls in large families know that ______.
E. a boy and a girl usually fight when they are together
F. people tend to be together more than they used to be
G. a lot of people being together makes fights likely
H. railway leads the world to peace
[单选题]实践的最基本的形式是
A. 改造世界的物质活动
B. 改造自然的生产劳动
C. 一切创造性活动
D. 推动历史进步的活动
[单选题]下述关于抗利尿激素的叙述中，正确的是
A. 由神经垂体合成和分泌
B. 提高近端小管对水的重吸收
C. 循环血量增加时，释放量增多
D. 血浆晶体渗透压(crystalloid osmotic pressure)升高时，释放量减少
E. 第二信使是cAMP
[单选题]社会主义全民所有制经济内部存在商品关系的原因是（ ）
A. 全民所有制企业之间的经济效益不同
B. 各全民所有制企业使用的生产资料数量存在差别
C. 各全民所有制企业属于不同所有者
D. 各全民所有制企业是相对独立的经济实体
[单选题]劳动形成价值，是
A. 劳动的自然属性
B. 商品经济关系赋予劳动的一种社会形式
C. 物质生产部门(material productive department)的本质属性
D. 劳动在任何经济形式(economic form)下的社会形式
[单选题]在新事物取代旧事物的过程中的决定性环节是
A. 世界的物质性
B. 事物发展的、前进性
C. 事物发展的曲折性
D. 辩证的否定
[单选题]唐朝时京城长安某人犯有三种罪，三种罪的处刑分别为徒一年、徒二年和徒三年，依据唐律的规定，该罪犯最终将被处以（）。
A. 徒二年
B. 徒三年
C. 徒六年
D. 徒三年以上六年以下
[多选题]近代唯物主义的历史进步作用是
A. 反对和批判了唯心主义哲学
B. 反对和批判了宗教神学
C. 对资产阶级革命(bourgeois revolution)起了先导的作用
D. 促进了自然科学的发展和社会的进步
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