【名词&注释】
白内障(cataract)、营养不良(malnutrition)、合并症(complication)、修辞手法(rhetorical devices)、水平衡(water balance)、习惯性便秘(habitual constipation)、肺气肿(emphysema)、肾小球(glomerular)、落叶归根(falling leaves)、推理题(inference question)
[单选题]下列不是功能性便秘的是 （ ）
A. 结肠肿瘤
B. 年老体衰
C. 营养不良
D. 习惯性便秘
E. 以上都不正确
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举一反三：
[单选题]下列各句采用的修辞手法依次是(1)三万里河东人海，五千仞岳上摩天。
A. (2)桃花潭水深千尺，不及汪伦送我情。
B. (3)在阳光下，一片青松的边沿，闪动着白桦的银裙，不像海边上的浪花吗?
C. (4)傍晚在楼台小坐，看到天上的飞鸟还巢，他会想家；秋风萧瑟，看到树木落叶归根(falling leaves)，他会想家；每逢鱼汛，看到大海里的群鱼回游，他还会想家。
D. 比喻 拟人 夸张 排比
E. 拟人 比喻 排比 夸张
F. 夸张 比喻 拟人 排比
G. 对偶 拟人 比喻 排比
[单选题]要素饮食可能产生的代谢方面的合并症是( )
A. 高钠、高氯
B. 氮质血症
C. 凝血酶原过低
D. 高渗性非酮性昏迷
E. 以上都是
[单选题]Passage TwoWhen we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.
A. People who are nearsighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Everything else is not so clear. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing, reading and sewing, become near sighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant (远处的) things clearly'.
B. People who are nearsighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm's length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses, too.
C. Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism (散光). This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people's eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
D. Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle (角度). To prove this to yourself, look at an object out of one eye; then look at the same object out
E. of the other eye. You will find the object's relation to the background (背景) and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.
F. 40. We should take good care of our eyes ______.
G. only when we cannot see perfectly
H. only when we can see well
I. even if we can see well
J. only when we realize how important our eyes are
[单选题]肾脏维持体内水平衡的功能，主要靠调节下列哪项活动实现 （ ）
A. 肾小管的分泌
B. 近曲小管的重吸收 ~~
C. 肾小球(glomerular)滤过
D. 远曲小管和集合管对水的重吸收
E. 肾上腺素的调节
[单选题]引起气管移向患侧的疾病是（ ）
A. 肺实变
B. 肺气肿(emphysema)
C. 气胸
D. 胸腔积液
E. 胸膜粘连
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